Figure 10.6 Children’s participation rate in migration, by sex and age, 2015
CHAPTER 10 CHILDREN AFFECTED BY MIGRATION
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Source: National Bureau of Statistics, UNICEF China, UNFPA China, ‘Population Status of Children in China in 2015: Facts and Figures’, 2017
Figure 10.6
Participation rates in migration among children has a clear age pattern. Children of pre-primary school age are more likely to participate in migration, indicating a high demand for child care services in the receiving areas. The participation rate in migration of school-age children has declined. Particularly, the participation rate in migration of children in junior secondary schools is lower than that in primary schools, indicating the barriers to attend schools and take the college entrance examination in the migration destinations inhibit children from participating in migration. On the other hand, migrant children aged 15–17 years are much more likely to participate in migration. This indicates that once rural children complete their compulsory education, if they do not attend senior secondary school or they drop-out, it is likely they will decide to migrate for work and join the new generation of migrant workers who are faced with a series of challenges, including social inclusion. In terms of gender, the participation rate in migration of girls in all age groups was similar to that of boys, indicating there were equal opportunities for both girls and boys to migrate with their parents and receive better care and benefits through urban resources.